I'm pretty sure that I've mentioned this before, but I think that the issue really goes back to the fact that it looks to me that the CD-World was cloned from the Vinyl-LP-World which itself was cloned from the database of 7" singles at 45Cat ... i.e. assumptions are inherent in the design of the database that make perfect sense if talking about singles and LPs in the '60s and '70s but have been progressively making less sense since the '80s.
Anyway, I would have thought that what is important in assigning a "Country of Issue" to any particular CD doesn't really involve where it was retailed but where it was marketed by the record companies. By "marketed by the record companies" I mean promoted to radio stations, magazines etc. with copies made available via the record companies distribution networks in the shops for anyone who wanted to buy.
The big international retail chains of the CD era, such as HMV, Tower and Virgin, seemed to have their own internal international distribution networks that operated independently of any record company marketing. Back in the '90s Tower at Piccadilly Circus, London used to have entire sections full of LPs, singles and CDs imported from The USA and that hadn't been released in The UK. I used to shop in Tower, Piccadilly Circus regularly and it would never occur to me to make any of the US imports I bought there "International". Similarly it would never occur to me to insist that any of the US import 45s I bought from UK retailers in the '70s were really "International", not that 45Cat has such a category anyway.
I can see that it must be quite frustrating for someone to enter a CD that they bought in Australia (possibly as a result of hearing it on the radio or seeing a commercial stating that it was "available at your local record shop") only for someone to insist that it is changed to "Europe" on the basis that it is identical to a release that someone "knows" to be "European" but adding "flags" etc. to indicate where it was issued may not be as easy as some like to think.
In a previous existence, before becoming the lion-poker with time on my hands that I am today, I used to work as a Database-Designer/Application-Developer so maybe I have a slightly different perspective on this.
...And that's if the industry played by even it's own rules!
(I increasingly suspect they did not always do so - backroom deals, shiftiness and shenanigans abounded)
I've always felt that apart from making a useful site for ourselves, what we are doing here is creating a history book for future generations, perhaps also making a log of the crimes (allegedly... possibly... probably(?)), misdemeanours, shortcomings and failures of an industry, and why it produced it's own demise... here we are collating the data (evidence) in one place, laying it all out, side by side, and this allows us to draw conclusions through corroborative evidence amounting to proof of such things.
Without wishing to further swamp another entry page with such a discussion, I'll simply state that I think the Europe / Australia = International thing is one such example of this nonsense: Australia used to make most of it's own CDs etc. from it's own plants, but likely, for reasons of economics, and some executives trying to maximise profits and reduce expenditure shut those Australian plants and simply shipped European intended issues over to fill the void - looks good on paper, "Oooh look, copies of this one are up in sales" except it's only papering over the ever downward spiral of returns - false economy, which has the other benefit of allowing you to deceive yourself that the boat is not really sinking, when you take three quarters of the numbers from two piles, add them together and make one and a half.
(I won't say which company I think has most suffered from this delussion, but someone, somewhere in timE MIght figure it out :)
I too favour multiple flags, but as a tally system, we each add the flag as best our knowledge, and others added from those who own and can say they bought it in their country, and if it adds up say: One makes the entry in UK and adds it as that, then someone in France says they own it, and bought it retail there, that equals Europe, and any amount of flags added from within Europe would simple keep it so, until someone is Australia adds their flag of ownership, then = International by definition.
So a string of flags along the top, with a primary flag, then a break down of the constituent countries, (may have to add a time parameter too per flag, but that may be for later)
Each flag in a territory assigned a value - European nations 1, say, if you add them up and average them, it doesn't matter how many countries from within Europe you add, they will always average 1 = Europe. I f you assign different values to other continents, the averages from within that continent will always average to the continental value.... only when the average value is something other than any of the individual continental values do you have an International designation (Interantional Average value)
I've been reading this thinking "do I really want to go here again?", and the answer is "not really, BUT...."
Some degree of 'internationalisation" has been present in the record industry for a very long time, and is not confined to CDs (though they are the most visible example); one semi-famous example I can think of - found in producer Bob Thiele's autobiography WHAT A WONDERFUL WORLD - is Deutsche Grammophon renewing their distribution deal with US Decca in the mid-50's on condition that Decca imported German pressings of DG's classical releases for US distribution (because the US pressings weren't very good); that seems to have persisted with DG'S later distributors MGM and Polydor, and also with DG/Phonogram/PolyGram's international affiliates (Phonogram/PolyGram in Australia typically imported some pop/jazz as well as classical releases). I could quote some other examples, but then this post would be extremely lengthy, so to shorten things a bit, I would say that this site somehow needs to cater for all markets that a particular product is distributed in, with the important caveat that the distributor has to be a subsidiary or licensee of the overseas company, and not any random importer. There are a few ways that this could be achieved, and I've discussed this before to some extent (you can search for my older posts if you're desperate), but these are my most preferred to least preferred options:
(1) The ability to add multiple country flags to an entry - has the advantage of minimising data entry, but must be constructed in a way that the entry is picked up in searches for any country that is entered;
(2) Add tags to an existing US/Europe/etc entry, e.g. Market=Australia, Market=South Africa, etc. A tiny bit more data entry, and searching for the tags isn't that difficult (I've just noticed, though, that there are two separate tags for "Issued in Australia" and "Released in Australia", though thankfully with only one entry each). A slight disadvantage with the tags is that, being at the bottom of the page for an entry, they are not quite as visible or obvious as the country flag up top.
(3) Duplicate an entry for each country of release - this has been done to a certain extent in 45cat with NZ PolyGram pressings that were also distributed in Australia, but is the most labour-intensive option at the moment, because there isn't an easy copy-an-entry function like there is at other sites. It does have the advantage of simplifying searches under countries. A limitation might be the memory capacity of the database, and whether it can support 10? 20? 50? country entries for the same physical product (and I don't want to be the one to split up the 1987 SGT. PEPPER CD).
Anyway, as has been said many times before, this issue has been ongoing for several years now, and it's about time that there was some movement on it, so we need the admins and mods to get together and discuss what is possible from a technical standpoint, and then put out a proposal that can be debated by the wider membership, and pronto, please!
I find that totally a-logical Capt. Sensible but you are right Magic contemporary global music distribution is a perplexing entanglement of arrangements. The modern music business would love to globalise markets and centralise production but actually technically can't due the way copyrights were divided in the early days of the record industry. The splitting of rights and ownership of recordings between the USA and European (later Japan too) labels at very start of the industry has put an enormous spanner in the works of the multi-national music companies and till this day artists can be on three different labels in those three countries simultaneously.
Due to this it would be a rare release that would actually be a truly international release in the sense that same product manufactured in the same place could be distributed internationally. So what the major corporations have done is regionalise the distribution within the bounds of copyright restrictions. This is results in some releases being specific to a certain or a group. Those of you in Europe will be familiar with the idea as production and distribution of most major artists is now centralised. However, while that may be well understood it is not so well understood that wherever in the world the same label and copyright ownership exists, usually (these days), so does the same identical product.
When CDs were popular, from the eighties to the early noughties some countries with the means of production began locally producing CDS for their own market. These CDs were local releases for the local market but because of the way music business carved up the world and consolidated the rights (except for the three countries mentioned earlier) a lot of CDs all had the same label, cat# and barcode. I'm simplifying things here as this was also a very messy process and took quit some time for the major labels to get in place. So there were a lot of discrepancies encountered along the way (i.e. same cat# but different barcode) as the major corporations navigated their way to a more more global (but not totally) distribution system.
When Napster arrived in 1999 and file sharing began CD sales began to slump. So from that point on as countries with smaller populations than Japan, the USA and the continent of Europe struggled to keep their local CD factories open as local demand diminished. The solution of course was to move to a more global model but as I mentioned earlier there were still barriers in terms of copyright. Luckily for the music corporations the copyright walls they couldn't break down were around the three biggest markets. So those markets could sustain themselves and serve as production houses for the rest of the world. These lines of demarcation in the music business cannot be broken or overcome. Just take a look at the Beatles catalogue in Vinyl albums and you'll see that the band's work was on the Odeon label (till 1967) in Japan, Capitol in the USA and Parlophone in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world.
So even one of the most popular bands in the history of pop music can not to this day release a truly international recording. Other than that smaller countries like the one I live in regularly have releases appearing in our shops from all three of the big music producing regions for sale as local product. Currently, in Australia we mainly receive stock from the EU but also have releases that are manufactured in Japan and the USA.
To put that in perspective almost nothing is actually truly international but nearly everything except for specific local releases is at least regional and released in multiple countries.
We, the users of the site, however are cataloguers and a lot of us like to put things in place and some of us work on the basis of putting together an accurate catalogue of what has been released in our own country or region. The idea of contributing to a site like this where we can document those releases is appealing but currently our guidelines preclude this method of entry. This is something that needs to be incorporated into our methodology somehow. How can we keep national or regional catalogues accurate and not lose the identity of items in the international category as it stands?
Righto then, back to the jungle, the mighty jungle where the lion sleeps tonight.
Oh, Magic if you think any of this is useful feel free to share it with other Mods.
...In the end, this outstanding problem of countries is simple:
Across all formats, from a certain period, and progressively more so over time, all physical releases, taken as a whole, are inherently a-logical.
...That is, there is no one single logic, or set of rules, into which, all will comfortably, or functionally fit, and which is, at the same time, true.
Most may fit into one method or set of rules, to the exclusion of others, and with so many varying methods of release / markets / manufacture to market relationships, varying across multitudes of record labels . groups concurrently, in any given time frame, you'd at most only be able to fit about 50% of all releases into any one set of rules (determination of which country to use).
This is why (I think) admin haven't been able to make any definitive moves on the subject, as it defies any one set of site system rules into which you wish to place items added to site.
There may be a resolution or compromise to this eventually (I have a method in mind, as do most, I'd presume), but it's admin's show here, and until they decide otherwise, we just do the best we can with what we got, and feel our way through case by case... and maybe put the whole nation debate to one side until then.
But surely .... since Australia decided to join in the fun filled extravaganza that is The Eurovision Song Contest some of these old-fangled geographical categorisations must have changed?
...We at 45worlds are always keen to hear any considered opinions and feedback you may wish to share with the community, this helps our public relations department formulate new and exciting ways to expand our customer satisfaction through diversified strategic empathic pathways... towards a more compelling synergic symbiosis of administration and member communitative homeostasis.
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This popped up on the random CDs list and is my entry and it's always nice to see one of your own entries hit the big time but I neglected to mention it is also the Australian release. Would I be right to assume we still do nothing about that and that the international category only applies to countries out Europe and the USA? Maybe that would be a better way to approach it. There's an awful lot of duplicity and hypocrisy about the way we allow or encourage this situation to continue. As a member from outside those regions it is plainly obvious that our entries can be made international without consultation or consent at the whim of a moderator but when evidence is collated and corrections are sent from outside the USA or Europe nothing happens. Hmm... I feel a lawsuit coming on. How are you lot geared up for lawyers? I've got them coming out my arse which is a bit of a problem but I'm sure Dr. Doom can help.
Don't take this seriously (you never have before) I'm just being a bit cheeky and I'm little euphoric at the moment. Yehoo! Carry On Regardless, now there's a good movie.